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Camino Mortera-Martinez, a research fellow from the Centre for European Reform, says the attacks will renew the focus on security issues in the Brexit talks. “Every time there is a scare like this, it highlights that no country is alone,” she says. That the bombing was in Manchester also punctures the argument, prevalent during last year’s Brexit referendum campaign, linking mass migration with terrorism, she adds. “Just because you are outside the Schengen area, doesn’t mean you escape terrorism. Closing borders won’t shield you from the evils of the world,” Ms Mortera-Martinez says.

Charles Grant, director of the Centre for European Reform remarks that “Germany wants more fiscal discipline and new mechanisms to make countries like France and Italy engage in painful structural reform, while France wants more common instruments such as ‘Eurobonds’ and steps towards a transfer union.”

The biggest problem with the euro is that it hasn’t delivered the economic convergence voters expected when it was launched; in fact, it has led to divergence. In 1999, living standards in Germany, France and Italy measured by gross domestic product per capita were broadly the same. Today Germany is significantly richer than France, while Italy has seen its GDP per capita slump from 119% of the EU average in 1999 to below 90% today.

Rem Korteweg is quite right to argue in a new and important paper, published by the Centre for European Reform, that Europe should push to revive and complete the EU-US trade deal known as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. The main prize here is not primarily more trade, but for trade to be shaped in ways that spread the benefits equitably — including in such important areas as workers’ rights, consumer rights and environmental protection. In this regard, Korteweg is exactly right that a system of investment courts is unattractive and the EU should just drop its pursuit of them.

Wiceminister spraw zagranicznych ds. europejskich Konrad Szymański przekonywał w czwartek wieczorem w prestiżowym Królewskim Instytucie Spraw Międzynarodowych Chatham House w Londynie, że "Brexit to nie szansa, ale wyzwanie". Chodzi o to, by ograniczyć szkody. Szymański przedstawił swe stanowisko podczas debaty o przyszłej roli Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w Unii Europejskiej, występując obok swoich odpowiedników z Czech, Słowacji i Węgier. Debata była moderowana przez Agatę Gostyńską-Jakubowską z londyńskiego ośrodka analitycznego Centre for European Reform.